A microcontroller (sometimes abbreviated µC, uC or MCU) is a small computer on a single integrated circuit containing a processor core, memory, and programmable input/output peripherals. Program memory in the form of NOR flash or OTP ROM is also often included on chip, as well as a typically small amount of RAM. Microcontrollers are designed for embedded applications, in contrast to the microprocessors used in personal computers or other general purpose applications.

Microcontrollers are used in automatically controlled products and devices, such as automobile engine control systems, implantable medical devices, remote controls, office machines, appliances, power tools, toys and other embedded systems. By reducing the size and cost compared to a design that uses a separate microprocessor, memory, and input/output devices, microcontrollers make it economical to digitally control even more devices and processes. Mixed signal microcontrollers are common, integrating analog components needed to control non-digital electronic systems.

Some microcontrollers may use 4-bit words and operate at clock rate frequencies as low as 4 kHz, for low power consumption (single-digit milliwatts or microwatts). They will generally have the ability to retain functionality while waiting for an event such as a button press or other interrupt; power consumption while sleeping (CPU clock and most peripherals off) may be just nanowatts, making many of them well suited for long lasting battery applications. Other microcontrollers may serve performance-critical roles, where they may need to act more like a digital signal processor (DSP), with higher clock speeds and power consumption.

MCU lpc2368

The NXP (founded by Philips) LPC2368 is an ARM7TDMI-S based high-performance 32-bit RISC Microcontroller with Thumb extensions, 512KB on-chip Flash ROM with In-System Programming (ISP) and In-Application Programming (IAP), 58KB RAM, CPU clock up to 72 MHz, On-chip crystal oscillator, On-chip 4MHz RC oscillator, On-chip PLL Enhanced Vectored Interrupt Controller, Ethernet 10/100 MAC with DMA, USB 2.0 Full Speed Device Controller, CAN 2.0B with two channels, General purpose DMA controller, Four UARTs, one with full modem interface, Three I2C serial interfaces, Three SPI/SSP serial interfaces, I2S interface, SD/MMC memory-card interface, 10-bit ADC with 6 channels, 10-bit DAC, Four 32-bit timers with capture/compare, Watchdog Timer, PWM unit for three-phase motor control, Real Time Clock with optional battery backup, Brown-out detect circuit, General purpose I/O pins.

MCU stm32f103ze

The STMicroelectronics STM32F103ZE is an ARM 32-bit Cortex-M3 Microcontroller, 72MHz, 512kB Flash, 64kB SRAM, Flexible Static Memory Controller for SRAM, PSRAM, NOR and NAND Flash, PLL, Embedded Internal RC 8MHz and 32kHz, Real-Time Clock, Nested Interrupt Controller, Power Saving Modes, JTAG and SWD, 4 Synch. 16-bit Timers with Input Capture, Output Compare and PWM, 2 16-bit Advanced Timer, 2 16-bit Basic Timer, 2 16-bit Watchdog Timers, SysTick Timer, 3 SPI/I2S, 2 I2C, 5 USART, USB 2.0 Full Speed Interface, CAN 2.0B Active, 3 12-bit 16-ch A/D Converter, 2 12-bit D/A Converter, SDIO, Fast I/O Ports.

MCU Generic 8032

The Generic 8032 (all variants) is a 8051 based CMOS or NMOS controller with 32 I/O lines, 3 Timers/Counters, 6 Interrupts/4 Priority Levels, ROM-less, 256 Bytes on-chip RAM

MCU t89c51rd2

The Atmel T89C51RD2 is an 8051 based CMOS controller with PCA, Dual DPTR, WDT 40 MHz High-Speed Architecture, X2 function, 32/48 I/O lines, 3 Timers/Counters, 7 Interrupts/4 priority levels 64K FLASH, 2K EEPROM, 256 Bytes on-chip RAM, additional 1K XRAM.

SOURCE: INTERNET